References

Interviews
Publications
Websites

Interviews

Altherimer, Ernett, Founder and Chairman, Nile Fiber. Telephone Interview. August 16, 200.

Clark, Russell. Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program, US EPA. Telephone Interview. August 23, 2002

Denison, Richard, Senior Scientist, Environmental Defense. Telephone Interview. September 19, 2002

Han, James S., Forest Products Lab, USDA-Forest Service. Email Correspondence. September 30, 2002

Hopkins, Peter. Environmental Papers Consultant for Crane Paper Company, Gargan Communications. Telephone Interview. August 15, 2002

International Paper. Email Correspondence, August 12, 2003

Jackson, Michael. Consultant, Tolovana Park, OR. Email Correspondence. August 15, 2002

Lindenthal, Jeff. President, Green Field Paper Company. Email Correspondence. September 3, 2002

Mendelson, Jeff. President, New Leaf Paper. Telephone Interview. August 22, 2002

Miller, Tyson. Program Director, Recycled Products Purchasing Cooperative. Telephone Interview. August 22, 2002

Moran, Carolyn, Living Tree Paper Company. E-mail Correspondence. October 8, 2002

Nelson, Peter A. . President, AgroTech Communications, Inc. . Telephone Interview. August 23, 2002

Rymsza, Tom. President - Vision Paper. In-person Interview, May 2002; additional written comments, October 15, 2003, May 2004, and September 2004

Trombly, Jeanne, Executive Director, Fiber Futures. E-mail correspondence, May 14, 2004

Wong, Al. Founder, Arbokem. Email Correspondence. August 11, 2002

Publications

Atchison, J.E. & McGovern, J.N. 1993. "History of Paper and the Importance of Nonwood Plant Fibers," in F. Hamilton & B. Leopold, eds. Paper and Paper Manufacture. Vol. 3. Secondary Fibers and Nonwood Pulping, p. 3. Atlanta, GA, USA, Tappi Press

Atchison 1994, Present Status and Future Prospects for the Use of Nonwood Plant Fibers for Paper Grade Pulps, paper presented at the AF&PA's Pulp and Fiber Fall Seminar, Tuscon, Arizona, USA

Atchison, J.E., "Progress in the Global Use of Nonwood Fibers and Prospects for Their Greater Use in the Future," in Paper International, Apr-Jun 1998, pg 21

Atchison, Joseph 1999, Presentation at "Conference Agri-Tech Tennessee," Ag Fiber Technology Showcase, Agricenter International, August 18-20, 1999

Bowyer, Dr. Jim L., Dr. Jeff Howe, Phil Guillery, Kathryn Fernholz, "Tree Free Paper - When Is It Good For the Environment?," Dovetail Partners, 2004

Brower, David, "Kenaf: A Tree-Free Alternative," Inner Voice: a bimonthly publication of the Association of Forest Service Employees for Environmental Ethics, 7(6): 4 (1995)

Cox, Thomas R., Robert S. Maxwell, Phllip Drennon Thomas, and Joseph J. Malone, This Well-Wooded Land: Americans and Their Forests from Colonial Times to the Present (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1985)

Driscoll, John, "Pulp mill forgoes wood-free pulp plan," The Times-Standard, April 2004

Environmental Defense Fund, Paper Task Force, with Duke University, Johnson & Johnson, McDonald's, The Prudential Insurance Company of America, and Time Inc., Technical Supplement-Part IIIA, "Nonwood Fiber Sources, Nonwood Plant Fibers as Alternative Fiber Sources for Papermaking" (White Paper 13), July, 1996

Environmental Paper Network, "A Common Vision for Transforming the Paper Industry: Striving for Environmental and Social Sustainability," November 20, 2002

EU Innovation Project IN20551 "Turning Agricultural Straw Residues into Value"

Green Seal, Choose Green Report: Alternative Fiber Papers, April/May 1998

Higgins, H.G. 2000, "Proposed Straw Pulp Mill, TAPPI Journal, Sept 2000, pg. 16 and ibid, Sept 1999, pg. 24

Hurter, Robert W., "Will Nonwoods Become an Important Fiber Resource for North America?," 1998 WORLD WOOD SUMMIT, Chicago, Illinois

Hurter, Robert W. 2001. "Nonwood Plant Fiber Uses in Papermaking" Extracted from "Agricultural Residues", TAPPI 1997 Nonwood Fibers Short Course Notes, updated and expanded September 2001.

Hurter, Robert. December 13 2000. "Sisal Fiber: Market Opportunities in the Pulp and Paper Industry." Common Fund for Commodities - Alternative Applications for Sisal and Henequen - Technical Paper No. 14. Proceedings of a Seminar held by the Food and Agriculture Organization.

Imhoff, Daniel, The SimpleLife Guide to Tree-Free, Recycled and Certified Papers, SimpleLife Design 1999

International Institute for Environment and Development, IIED. 1996. Towards A Sustainable Paper Cycle

Jackson, Michael. 1997 "Chemical Pulping of Kenaf," TAPPI Short Course- Nonwood Fiber for Paper in North America. San Francisco, CA. Oct 16-17, 1997

Jackson, Michael. 1997 "Environmental and Ecology," TAPPI Short Course- Nonwood Fiber for Paper in North America. San Francisco, CA. Oct 16-17, 1997

Jackson, Michael. 1997 "Kenaf Based Newsprint," TAPPI Short Course- Nonwood Fiber for Paper in North America. San Francisco, CA. Oct 16-17, 1997

Jacobs, R. S., W. L. Pan, W. S. Fuller, W. T. McKean, "Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Chemical Composition of Washington State Wheat Straw," 1999 Pulping Conference, Orlando, Florida, November 1-4, 1999

Jacobs, R. S., B. Miller, W. S. Pan, R. A. Allan, W. T. McKean, "Pacific Northwest Wheat Straw: Glance at the Fiber Morphology," 1996 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp. 237-242. (accepted for publication in TAPPI Journal)

Jacobs, R. S., W. L. Pan, W. T. McKean, "Papermaking Potential of Washington Wheat Straw," 54th Northwest Regional Meeting, American Chemical Society, Portland, Oregon, June 20-23, 1999, Abstract 254

Jacobs, R. S. and W. T. McKean, "Refining Wheat Straw Pulp: A Comparison with Hardwoods," 1997 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp. 667-672

Jacobs, R. S., B. J. W. Cole, J. M. Genco, "The Relative Bonded Area (RBA) of High-Yield Pulps," 1994 TAPPI Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp. 427-434

Jacobs, R. S., W. L. Pan, W. S. Fuller, W. T. McKean, "Washington Wheat Straw: Variations in Fiber Properties," 1998 Pulping Conference Proceedings, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, pp. 477-483

Judt, Manfred. 1993. "Nonwood Plant Fibers, Will There Be a Come-Back in Paper Making?," Industrial Crops and Products. 2:51-57

Kaldor, Andrew, "Kenaf, An Alternative Fiber for the Pulp and Paper Industries in Developing and Developed Countries," TAPPI Journal (October 1992), p. 145, quoted by Maureen Smith

Kok, Hans, Joe Wary, Shelly Kessen. 1997. "Wheat Stubble: What is its Value?" Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Publication MF-2240

McCloskey, J.T. 1995. What about nonwoods? Proceedings TAPPI Global Fiber Supply Symposium, Atlanta, GA, USA: 95-106

McKean, Bill, Roberta Jacobs, and Bill Pan, "Straw Pulp Utilization: Implications for Cropping Systems, the Environment, and Emerging Fiber Markets," Wheat Life, 38(11): 43(1995)

Motovalli, Jim, "The Paper Chase," E Magazine, May/June 2004

Motovalli, Jim, "Pulp Friction: Debating the Paper Alternatives," E Magazine, May/June 2004

N. Niyomwan, T.F. Clark and R.L. Cunningham, TAPPI Nonwood Progress Report No. 5. September 1974, p73-77

Pan, W. L., R. S. Jacobs, B. C. Miller, R. A. Allan, W. S. Fuller, and W. T. McKean, "Prospects for Utilizing Wheat Straw from the Pacific Northwestern United States in Paper Production," U. S. - Egypt Manufacturing Technologies Workshop, sponsored by NSF, Egypt NRC, Dec. 6, '96

Pande, Harshad. 1997. Recovered and Nonwood Fiber: Effects of Alternative Fibers on Global Fiber Supply. FAO Global Fiber Supply Study Working Paper No. 4

Pande, Harshad. 1998. Nonwood Fiber and Global Fiber Supply. Unasylva: An International Journal of the Forestry and Food Industries Vol 49 No 193

Pande, H. & Roy, D.N. 1996. Delignification Kinetics of Soda Pulping of Kenaf. J. Wood Chem. Technol., 16(3): 311-325

Paperloop.com, "Wheat Straw and Rice Straw"

Paper Task Force, Nonwood Fiber Sources "Nonwood Plant Fibers as Alternative Fiber Sources for Papermaking" (White Paper 13) (July 1996)

Patterson, Paul et al. 1995. The Availability, Alternative Uses and Value of Straw In Idaho. Idaho Wheat Commission. September 18, 1995

Pavilainen and Torgilsson, 1994, "Reed Canary Grass- A New Nordic Paper Making Fiber," paper presented at the 1994 TAPPI Pulping Conference

Perdue, Robert E. 1958. "Arundo donax: Source of Musical Reeds and Industrial Cellulose" Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland.

Sadawarte, N.S. 1995, "Better Technology Needed to Clean Up Nonwood Fiber," Pulp and Paper International, Vol 37, No. 6: 84-95 (June issue) This includes a chart of pollution loads from a nonwood pulping mill in India without recovery and a wood pulp mill with recovery

R. Santhanam, Vice President, Amrit Environmental Technologies Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India, July 8, 2004 e-mail to Conservatree

Smith, Maureen, The U.S. Paper Industry and Sustainable Production: An Argument for Restructuring, (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press), 1997

TAPPI Press. Paper Help. Bamboo, Wheat Straw and Rice Straw, Nonwood Raw Materials, Abaca (Manila Hemp), Bagasse, Bamboo, Cotton, Esparto Grass, Flax, Grasses, Hemp, Jute, Kenaf, Reed, Sesbania, cannabina (Sesbania aculeata),Sisal (Agave spp.), Sunn Hemp, Tree Species: Softwoods and Hardwoods, Tree Improvement, Tree Species Copmarison, Forestry Glossary, Chemical Recovery for Nonwood

Thompson, Curtis. 1997. "Estimating Crop Residue Available for Grazing" Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service Forage Facts Publication. (USDA-NRCS, 2000. TG Notice KS-251): General Resource References. Kansas Field Office Technical Guide, USDA-NRCS

Watson, P.A. and Bicho, P.A. 1998, "Wheat Straw, A Viable Fiber Source for Canada?", Preprints of CPPA Technical Section Annual Meeting, Montreal, Jan 1998, pg. 371

Wong, A., "Agricultural Fibers for Pulp and Paper Manufacture in Developed Countries," Proc. 2nd Biomass Conference of the Americas, Portland, Oregon, USA, August, 1995, pp. 1181-1189

Wong, A., "The Agri-Pulp Alternative," paper presented at the Fiber '97 Conference, California Resource Recovery Association Meeting, Monterey, California, USA, June 2, 1997. # AK15346W in Publications

Wong, A., "Agri-Pulp Development in Alberta," Proc. Alberta Agri-Pulp Workshop, "Pulp from Crop Residues," Edmonton, Alberta, June, 1995, pp. 11-13. In Publications

Wong, A., "Agri-Pulp Newsprint," Proc. 4th Biomass Conference of The Americas, Oakland, California, USA, September, 1999. #AK17708W in Publications

Wong, A. and Chiu, C., "Alkaline Sulphite Pulping of Abaca (Musa textiles Nee) from the Philippines and Ecuador," Proc. Tappi Pulping Conference, Seattle, WA, November, 2001. #AK21000W in Publications

Wong, A., "Alkaline Pulping of Kenaf Fibers from Crops Grown in Northern Territory, Australia and Anhui, China," Proc. 4th International Nonwood Fiber Pulping and Papermaking Conference, CTAPI, Jinan, China, September 18-21, 2000. #AK19168W in Publications

Wong, A. and McLaughlin, S.P., "Alkaline Sulphite Pulping of Hesperaloe, An Arid-Zone Native Fiber Plant from Northern Mexico," Proc. TAPPI Pulping Conference, Boston, USA, November 6-9, 2000. #AK19833W in Publications

Wong, A. and Chiu, C., "Alkaline Sulphite Pulping of Red Fescue (Festuca rubra L. var. Boreal) Straw," Proc. Tappi Pulping Conference, Seattle, WA, November, 2001. #AK21001W in Publications

Wong, A., "Alkaline Sulphite Pulping of Sisal Fibers Grown in Brazil, China (Guangxi), Kenya and Madagascar," Proc. TAPPI Pulping Conference, Boston, USA, November 6-9, 2000

Wong, A. and Chiu, C., "Alkaline Sulphite Pulping of Spartina Grass (Spartina alterniflora Loisel)," Proc. Tappi Pulping Conference, Seattle, WA, November, 2001. #AK21002W in Publications

Wong, A., "Comparative Emission of Methane from Different Rice Straw Management Practices in California - A Statewide Perspective," Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 22: 79-91 (2003) #AK21784W in Publications

Wong, A., "The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation - the Time Has Come Again," manuscript under preparation, 2002. #AK23265W in Publications

Wong, A., "Economic and Environmental Impact of Using Wheat Straw for the Co-production of Paper and Energy in Canada," manuscript submitted for journal publication, 2002. #AK21998W in Publications

Wong, A., "Economic Opportunity in the Use of Wheat Straw in North Dakota for the Co-Manufacture of Paper and Energy," manuscript submitted for journal publication, 2002. #AK22217W in Publications

Wong, A., "Experience in the Technical and Market Development of Agri-Pulp Printing Papers in North America," Proc. 4th International Nonwood Fiber Pulping and Papermaking Conference, CTAPI, Jinan, China, September 18-21, 2000. #AK19167W in Publications

Wong, A., "Extension of Canada's Softwood Resources," CPPA Technical Section Annual Meeting Preprints, Montreal, Canada, January, 1995. #AK12566A in Publications

Wong, A., "How Many Trees Can Be Saved?," paper presented at the 1998 Annual Conference of the Recycling Council of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, October 1, 1998. #AK16963W in Publications

Wong, A., "Impact of Biomass Potassium on Operation of Effluent-Free Agri-Pulp Mills," Proc. Tappi Pulping Conference, San Diego, USA, November, 1994. #AK11935A in Publications

Wong, A., "Industry Development and Environmental Protection -Compatible Goals?", Proc. Tropical Pulp Conference, Jakarta, Indonesia, December, 1991. ISBN 929020-02-2

Wong, A., "New Direction in Industry Development and Environmental Protection for Nonwood Pulp Mills in Developing Countries," Proc. 2nd International Nonwood Fiber Pulping and Papermaking Conference, Shanghai, China, April, 1992. #AK8914 in Publications

Wong, A., "Nutritional Therapeutics as an Effective Strategy for Reducing the Epidemic of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Among Aboriginal People in Canada," manuscript under preparation, 2002. #AK21565W in Publications

Wong, A., "Obstacles and Opportunities in the Development of an Agri-Pulp Industry in the Pacific Northwest," Notes from Oregon State University Seminar, February, 2002. #AK22363W in Publications

Wong, A., "Opportunities and Limitations of Using California Rice Straw for Industrial Products," manuscript submitted for journal publication, 2002. #AK22218W] in Publications

Wong, A., "Potassium Pulping of Straw," paper presented at the 1997 TAPPI Pulping Conference, San Francisco, California, USA, October, 1997. #AK15371W in Publications

Wong, A., "Saving British Columbia," The Columbia Journal, July, 2002. #AK22127W in Publications

Wong, .A., "Selected Physical Properties of Blends of Wood Pulp and Alkaline Sulphite Flax Straw Pulp," Proc. TAPPI Pulping Conference, Boston, USA, November 6-9, 2000. #AK19421W in Publications

Wong, A., "Socio-Economic and Technical Issues of On-Purpose Fiber Cropping and Food Cropping," Proc. First World Conference and Exhibition on Biomass for Energy and Industry, Seville, Spain, June 5-9, 2000. pp. 238-240, #AK19493W in Publications

Wong, A., "Some Problems of Technology Development for the Small Innovators," CEHRB Indicator, (Fall, 1991). pp.18-20

Wong, A., "Technical and Economic Obstacles Affecting the Early Commercialization of Kenaf Pulp Manufacture," Proc. 1991 TAPPI Pulping Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, November, 1991. #AK8196 in Publications

Wong, A., "Toxicity, BOD and Colour of Effluents from the Kraft Pulping of Bole Wood Containing High Quantities of Bark," Paperi ja Puu, 62, 9:533 (1980)

Wong, A., "The Truth About Hemp as a Papermaking Fiber," Notes from Oregon State University Seminar, February, 2002 #AK22362W in Publications

Wong, A., "Using Crop Residues to Save Forests," Global Diversity, 7, 4: 7-12 (1998). #AK15904 in Publications

Xumei, Z. & Xiachun, Y. 1996. Changes Suffered by Fibers in Wheat Straw Pulp Recycling. In Proc. Third international Nonwood Fiber Pulping and Papermaking Conference, Vol. 2. Beijing, International Academic Publishers